Recommended Reading
Song of Sorrow
by Pat Mendoza
The Fighting Cheyennes
by George Bird Grinnell
The Sand Creek Massacre
by Bruce Culter
The Sand Creek Massacre
by Stan Hoig
The Southern Cheyennes
by Donald Berthrong
Cheyenne Dog Soldiers
A Ledgerbook History of Coups and Combat
by Jean Afton, David Halaas, Andrew Masich with Richard Ellis
Web Sites and Related Information
The West
Black Kettle and Sand Creek
"The Overland Trail", George Pingree, Poudre Trapper and Pioneer
Biographical information about Major Ed Wynkoop
Sand Creek Massacre
Methodist Apology for Sand Creek Massacre
Norman Hamilton: Great Grandson of Chief White Antelope
"Battle Cry"
Westword article about a Cheyenne Chief Laird Cometsevah, he talks about Sand Creek.
Information about Native Americans
Colorado Historical Society Inventory of Human Remains from the Massacre at Sand Creek
General Information on Washita
American Indian Tells Story
Cheyenne Languages
Civil War Battle Summaries Listed By State
Native Americans
Cheyenne Genealogy
Bibliography of Sand Creek Related Books
Denver Places related to the Sand Creek Massacre
Northern Cheyenne Repatriation efforts
Sand Creek Massacre Names
THE CONGRESSIONAL ACT
Public Law 105-243
105th Congress
An Act
To authorize the Secretary of the Interior to study the suitability and feasibility Oct. 6, 1998 of designating the Sand Creek Massacre National Historic Site in the State (S.1695) of Colorado as a unit of the National Park System, and for other purposes.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,
SECTION 1.
SHORT TITLE Sand Creek Massacre
This Act may be cited as the "Sand Creek Massacre National National Historic
Historic Site Study Act of 1998". Site Study Act of 1998
SEC. 2. FINDINGS
(a) FINDINGS. --Congress finds that--
(1) on November 29, 1864, Colonel John M. Chivington John M. led a group of 700 armed soldiers to a peaceful Cheyenne Chivington. village of more than 100 lodges on the Big Sandy, also known Black Kettle as Sand Creek, located within the Territory of Colorado and in a running fight that ranged several miles upstream along the Big Sandy, slaughtered several hundred Indians in Chief Black Kettle's village, the majority of whom were women and children;
(2) the incident was quickly recognized as a national disgrace and investigated and condemned by 2 congressional committees and a military commission;
(3) although the United States admitted guilt and repara- Cheyenne Tribe.tions were provided for in article VI of the Treaty of Little Arapaho Tribe. Arkansas of October 14, 1865 (14 Stat. 703) between the United States and the Cheyenne and Arapaho Tribes of Indians, those treaty obligations remain unfulfilled;
(4) land at or near the site of the Sand Creek Massacre may be available for purchase from a willing seller; and
(5) the site is of great significance to the Cheyenne and Arapaho Indian descendants of those who lost their lives at the incident at Sand Creek and to their tribes, and those descendants and tribes deserve the right of open access to visit the site and rights of cultural and historical observance at the site.
SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS.
In this Act:
(1) SECRETARY.--The term "Secretary" means the Secretary of the Interior acting through the Director of the National Park Service.
(2) SITE. --The term "site" means the Sand Creek Massacre site described in section 2.
(3) TRIBES. --The term "Tribes" means--
(A) the Cheyenne and Arapaho Tribe of Oklahoma;
(B) the Northern Cheyenne Tribe; and
(C) the Norther Arapaho Tribe.
SEC. 4. STUDY.
Deadline (a) IN GENERAL. --Not later than 18 months after the date on which funds are made available for the purpose, the Secretary in consultation with the Tribes and the State of Colorado, shall submit to the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate and the Committee on Resources of the House of Representatives a resource study of the site.
(b) CONTENTS. --The study under subsection (a) shall--
(1) identify the location and extent of the massacre area and the sutiability and feasibility of designating the site as a unit of the National Park System; and
(2) include cost estimates for any necessary acquisition, development, operation and maintanance, and identification of alternatives for the management, administration, and protection of the area.
SEC. 5. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS
There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as are necessary to carry out this Act.
Approved October 6, 1998.
For information on the study, write to:
Rick Frost
National Park Service Intermountain Region
P.O. Box 25287
Denver, CO 80225
